Speed regulator



Feb. 16 1926. 1,572,972

' w. T. TABB SPEED REGULATOR med March v, 1921 s sheets-sheet '1 INVENTOR By n/werfd WMM/FM@ y Feb. 16,` 192e' 1,572,972

wQ T. TABB SPEED' REGULATOR Filed March '7. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 i 4 g! /l g I, 42:1.. @gia ,z

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w. T. TABB 4SPEED REGULATOR Filed March '7. 1921 3 SheetsfSheet 5 l o :fn 7 v 2; u l?? A TTORA'EY Patented Feb. 16, 1926.

s UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WARNER fr.' TABE, or ERooxLYNNEw YoEx, -AssIoNo-E 'ro DUPLEX ENGINE Govl ERNOR COMPANY, INC., 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A. "CQRPORATION 01?v NEW y YORK. l

SPEED EEGUEATQR.

Application led March 7, 1921. Serial No. 450,261.

To all whom it may 00u/oem: f Be it known that I, 4WARNER T. TABB,v a

citizenu of the United lStates, residing in' Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed Regulators, of which the specification.

,This invention relates to an improved regulator; especially a regulator to limit following is a the speed of power units requiringa motivelconnected to the governing device, and

actuated by it, to control the supply of the motive fagent to the power unit, for the. purposeof reducing the supply of said agent or interrupting it entirely, to' prevent the power unit from exceeding a predetermined speed.

Another objec't`` of this invention 'is to provide a regulator embracing a governing` device adapted to afford the maximum torque and efliciency; whereby the governing device can be made very compact and ofv relatively'fsmall size, and therefore easy to mount in almost any position on the engine withwhich the speed regulator is to be used.

A further object of thisl invention is to provide a regulator including a governing device consisting of an impeller member and a member to be driven or impelled thereby; the` impelling and impelled members to gether enclosing an annular working space `in which the path of the operating fluid is i confined; both members carrying vanes to be moved in said space, with the vanes disposed atr, intervals apart,v and having thelr faces conforming effectively to the direction taken by said fluid; the portions of said space between the vanes of each member constituting'in eect pockets or recesses which v are open onlyeat their frontsor mouths, so

that no pocket on either member can communicate directly with another pocket on said member, but .with the mouths of the pockets on the impeller presented to the mouths of the pockets of the impelled member, the mouths'of thepockets of one member being thus enabled to communicate with the mouths of the pockets on the other.

Still another object is to provide a device consisting of an impeller member Aand a member to'cooperate therewith; both members having the vanes and recesses above set forth, and capable of being used for the general purpose of producing effects in accordance with or in response to the speed of operation, or somek mathematical function thereof.

Additional objects and advantages of this invention will appear from the following description taken with the accompanying drawings; and the novel features of this invention will be defined in the appended claims. This disclosure however is explanatory only; and I may resort tochanges in the shape, vsize and arrangement of thevarious parts, without departing from the nature and scope of the invention; as indicated by the general meanings of the terms in which the claims are expressed.

In the drawings Figure l -shows in longitudinal section a governing `device and theoutside ofthe casi ing of a throttle valve connected thereto, according to my invention;

Figure 2 is an end `view ofthe valve casing; y

Figure Sfis a horizontal section on the line 3-3, of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of a different'- throttle valve and casing therefor, showing another manner of connectingthe govern?.

ing device to the valve;

Figure 5 isl a' top view partly in sectionof-what is shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is aside view, partly in section, of a speed regulator according to this 1nlvention, with the throttle valve and governing device made 1n the form of a single unit;

mounted in a casing that is integral with the` throttle valve casing;

Figure 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a cupshaped element to be disposed in the structure of the governing device to provide vanes therefor;

Figure 12 is a cross sectional View of said element;

Figure 13 is a side view;

Figure 14 is a front view of same; Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the disposition of the vanes of the driving part or impeller of the governing device;

Figure 16 is a similar view of the vanes of the member driven by the impe-ller;

Figure 17 shows the relative positions of the vanes of the impeller and driven mem-A ber and the conformation of the positions of the vanes to the path taken by the fluid that turns said member; Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 15, and Figure 19 is a view similar to Figure 16; showing cup-shaped elements providing vanes carried by the impeller and the driven member respectively. t

Referring first to Figure 1, I showa governing device comprising a. cup-shaped casing 1, to be rotated by a shaft 2 which revolves in suitable bearings in the frame-woi'k shown in part at 3, of a power linit, such as an internal combustion or other engine.

herever this engine shaft engages a bearing in the frame work 3, the bearing may be provided with a lining or bushing 4, and the governing device may be connected to actuate a cont-rolling element or throttlevalve fixed upon a stem or spindle 6 rotating in bearings in a casing 7. The casing 1 in this form has its bottom made fast to a disk 8, having a central opening and provided with a flaring rim 9; which engages the coned edge of asupport or head having a hub 11, which is bored out to enable it to be fitted over the end of the shaft 2. In the Aend of this hub remote from `the body of the head 10 are notches or recesses 12 at opposite points, and the shaft 2 carries a pin 13 to engage the notches 12, so that when the shaft 2 revolves, thehead 10 and casing '1 revolve with it. By this construction the pin 13 can simply be driven through the shaft 2 and the head 10 can be slipped upon the end of the shaft 2, until the ends of the pin 13 enter the recess 12.# A screw 14, the head of which is located in a central recess in the face of the head 10 contacting with the disk 8, passes through the head and engages a threaded bore in the end of the shaft 2 and holds the shaft and head together. The disk 8 may be riveted to the bottom of the casing l and is secured to the head 10 by a screw passing through the rim 9 and into a threaded hole inthe head, this screw being indicated byl the numeral 16.

` To the bottom of the casing 1 are fixed vanes 17 which may be held in place by the same rivets that secure the disk 8 to the casing. These vanes cooperate with similar vanes 17, carried by and secured to a rotatablydriven member 18, having a hub 19 which engages a shaft 20 in the casing 1 in line with the shaft 2. In the position of the parts shown in Figure 1, the shaft 20 has a reduced portion extending from a shoulder adjacent its lower end and this reduced portion fits into a bushing 21 which provides va foot or thrust bearing for the-shaft 20; this bushing 21 being in turn received by and located in a boss 22 which extends from the bottom of the casing 1 inte the recess 15 of the head 10. The top of the casing 1 is closed by a cover 23, which is shaped to enterthe casing for a slight distance and has its edge turned up and outward to provide an encircling rim or flange to abut against theedge of the casing and providing a snug fit. The centerl of the Cover 23 is of course perforated to allow the upper end of the shaft 20 to pass through the same; and resting on the top or outside of this cover are the parts of a hall bearing 24 for the shaft 20. To keep the ball bearing 24 in place on top ofthe cover 23, I employ a cap 22", in the form of an inverted cup. vThis cap has its rim or lower edge bent outward to rest upon thetop of the cover 23 and its top is apertured, presenting an edge turned inward to provide a flange which overlaps parts of the bearing 24 andv thus prevents displacement thereof. The shaft 20 projects beyond the bearing 24 and carries a groovedwheel 26 to which is attached a cord 2,7, so.that when the shaft 20 turns arpull can be eX- erted on the cord 27 to turn the valve 5 towards closed position. y

'lhe vanes are preferably afforded by cupshaped elements shown in Figures 11, 12,13 and 14. These elements are shown as having semi-circular sides 28, open mouths or fronts 29 and curved backs 30 or bottoms.

The sides 28 are not parallel, neither are edges of any pair of these vanes.

-the member 18. I can make the parts 1,

8, 12, 23 and 25 and the cup shaped elements providing'the vanesby stamping or otherwise; thus obtaining a governor that may be cheaply manufactured and very easily assembled. Of course if desired the cupshaped vane elements can-be replaced with semi-circular plates that are secured to the parts 1 and 18 by welding or in any other. The use of semicircw lar disks to provide vanes, is in fact illusconvenient manner.

trated in Figures 8, 9, 15 and 16. I may give to the casing 1 and the member 18 such shape that the inner facel of thel bottom of the casing andthe opposing face of the memy ber 18 may present concave curved surfaces,

making in effect endless or circular grooves in each, and to the bottoms of these grooves the backs of the vane elements are secured. The sides 28 of each element converge, the narrow ends ofthe elements be! ing closer to the axis of rotation of the shafts 2 and'20 than the wide ends, as the cups lie side by side in their proper positions onthe member 18 and in the/casing 1..

The casing for the throttle valve 5 may be in the form of a single casting having flanges 31, which may be inserted in the line of the intake pipe of the engine and bolted to similar flanges on said pipe. A-bore passes therethrough from one flange 31 to Vythe other, of the same shape' as the inside of ing 7); and surrounding one of) these balll bearings is an extension 33 which contains a spiral spring 34. This spring is arranged to hold the valve 5 open and resist theclosing thereof, and a cover 35 fitting over'the end of "the extension 33 and secured thereto, completely houses this spring. Of course, the adjacent end ofv tlie shaft' project-s through the side' of thel casing 7 far enough to enable one endof the spring to be at 'tathed thereto.,` the other end of the spring `being suitably anchored to a 'fixed point.

Thel opposite end of the shaft 'extends lthroughthe other sideofthecasing 7and lin Figures 15,16 and 17 the action of carries thereon a grooved wheel 36 similar to the wheel 26; 'a cap 37 secured to the side of the casing enclosing the wheel 36. rlhis capl has an extension 38 through which the cord 27 may pass so that one end of the cord will be attached to theV groovcd wheel or pulley 26 and the other to the grooved wheel or pulley 36.

In operation when the shaft 2 rotates, it

turns the head 10 and casing 1. This casing will be filled with someI suitable fluid such asmercury or oil and asfthe casing 1 revolves the vanes in the casing will throw the contents of the impeller 1 against the vanes 4ofthe impelled member 18. The force of the whirling liquid when the \speedA reaches a certain point will turn theshaft 20 against ythe force of the spring 34 and thus move the valve 5 towards closed position. rlhe mer` cury provides a fluid metallic transmission medium between the impeller 1 and member the evanes 17 oftlieimpeller or casing 1 upon the vanes 17 of the driven member 18 is illustrated. Figures v15 and 16 are somewhat diagrammatic in character and they illustrate the impeller 1 and the impelled member l18 in the formof two rotatable bodies having endless circular grooves 1c and 18", in their faces, the vanes being fastened in radial position and extending across these grooves. lThe vanes are illustrated as if they were' semicircular disks cast or welded into `lposition. With a construction likc that shown in Figure 1, cupshaped vane elements-as indicated in Figures 11'to 14 inclusive, should preferably beI l employed; such, elements being riveted to the bottom of' the impeller l1 and to the lower fac-e of the driven member 18, both the impeller .1 and the rnember,18,being shaped. l

to fit the backs 30.. As shown iny Figure 1 and the member 18 is ofl relatively less width than the impeller and the groove, inA

the lower face thereof is comparatively shal- 4 l-ow. As long as cup-shaped vane elements areemployed, this element18 need be nov larger and the groove therein no deeper. If, however, instead of cup-shaped elements, semicircular disks are to be employed -to provide vanes for the governing device illustrated in Figure 1, the impelled member 18' would be made widelrand the grooves thereindeepergbin the manner Iindicated in Figure 8, wherein the part18al hasY a diameter approximately equal to the in-- side iwidth of the impeller 1a. However,

the. action of the vanes will be' the same,

.whether'cup-Shaped elements as indicated 4in Figure llor semicircular disks as indi-l jcated in F1gures 8, 15 and 16 are employed.

The vanes ofthe casing or impeller'havc a certain pitch; that is, they are inclined with respectto the plane. ofrevolution of the .which is the edge nearer to the impelled member, is the leading edge; and the curved edge of each side 29 which joins the back 30 is the trailing edge. As for the impelled member 18, the vanes thereof are given somewhatv the same pitch with respect to the plane of revolution, but the direction of rotation is to be such that the straight edge of the vane or the edge nearest the impeller is the trailing edge and the opposite part of the vane is the leading edge.

Figures 18 and 10 sh-ow respectively how the impeller and the impelled member will appear in face view, when carrying the cupshaped elements shown in Figures 11 to lei` inclusive`v to provide vanes for these parts. The pitch of lthe vanes of the impeller and of the impelled member will vary with the yparticular design, depending on the speed range of the impeller and on the size of the units. The pitch of the vanes for any particular design need not be-uniforin but may be made to vary with the distance from theI axis of rotation or otherwise as determined by the conditions of operation and convenience of manufacture. vWith this arrangement, the face of each vane of the of the vanes onthe impeller may flow without diminishing in velocity or energy over to the driven member and 11i betweenany two vanes onl the driven member. In effeet the :intervals between vanes on either. the impeller or the impelled member, wheth-l` er these vanes are provided by the sides 29 of the cup-shaped elements already mentioned, or simply by the use of semicircular disks secured in proper position, constitute recesses closed on all sides and at -the back. The concave curved backs of the pockets or recesses between the vanes ofm the memberv 18 will gradually change the direction of the liquid, so that it will flow back into position to receive further energy from the vanes ofthe impeller and the rotatioirof the driven member maintained. As ystated above it is advantageous whirled around by the forward or undercut faces of the vanes 17 of the impeller;

and the centrifugal force acting upon the particles of liquid tends to make them move as far away from the axis of rotation as possible. Under the circumstances, the curved backs or inner ends of the cup shaped elements or recesses between the vanes will direct the particles of liquid not only away from the axis of rotation but also towards the impelled member 18 and in between the vanes thereon. The backs or inner ends of these recesses or pockets of the member 18, whether seinicircular vanes or cup shaped vane elements are employed, will change thc direction of the iiow of the particles of liquid so that the particles will come back towards the axis of rotation and into the impeller; and in so doing they strike against the undercut trailing faces of the vanes on the impelledmember 18; and the impelled member therefore revolves in the same direction as rthe casing 1. As shown in Figure 17, the particles of liquid follow the path of an endless spiral, the coils of which extend from between the vanes of the iinpeller over between the vanes of the ilupelled member, all round the circle through which the vanes are revolved.

The impeller and the impelled member, by

Vreason of the fact thatthey are shaped to receive and fitvthe curved inner edges of the vanes, and the presence in each of the groove containing the vanes 17, and the fact that these grooves oppose each other, thus en'- lclose an endless space which confines the endless spiral path of the Huid within it. The term space is used simply to indicate the fact that the opposing faces of the impeller 1 and impelled member 18 ai'c separated fr-om each other, and the vanes extend radially across this space and revolve in it.

yThe impeller 1 and member 18 thus"enclose and contain that part of the working fluidl which actually takes effect on the vanes of the member 18 to turn the latter; such part being always located in this space; and any part that might temporarily flow out beyond the -outer ends of the vanes of the impeller or member 18 does no 'work for the tin'ie'being, but as the governing device is mounted in such position that the axis of rotation is generally vertical, any part of the fluid in the casing 1 .that flies out 0f theendless or annular space mentioned and beyond the reach of the vanes 17 tends to `flowback to the bottom of the'casing in between the impeller and impelled member and thus be "united with the working portion of the fluid in said space.` A portion thepockets'of the impelling member may' communicate through their Open mouths with the. mouths vof the pockets of the im pelledl member, but the pockets on either membemare not inv direct communication with Y.oneanotheryand because of the concave curved backs or bottoms or inner` ends of these pockets or recesses the pockets of Y 2(Neither member are open on the side adjacent the other member, andy completely Vclosed on the side remote from said other `The `body'of the liquid which does the workl ofimpelling the member 1 8 is therefore always inthe pockets or recesses, between the vanes 17 and any liquid outside of this space is inactive. In practice sufficient liq uid will be'V introduced into the governing device to keep the grooves in both members'-substantially filled'under all conditions of operation. If desired small por-ts may be drilled through the member 18 in the backs of theV pockets between the vanes, to allow the escape ofV anyl air entrapped therein, and insure a full and free circulation of liquid through all parts of the space enclosed by the impeller and' the impelling member and containing the vanes 17. Such portsn are indicated 'in Figure 8 and they will be of such small diameter that practically none of the working fluid ever passes through the same; therefore the pockets between the vanes, reven in such a case, remain substantially closed except at the front or mouths. f

It will thus be seen that the path of the working portion of the fluid is in effect wholly confined withinthe opposed mutu ally supplementary grooves of the mpelling and impelled members and the pockets or recesses thereof andno external-space is therefore required forcireulatin ofthe fluid. Also, on account of this arrangement and on account of the pitch of the rai-ies and the shape of the guiding surfaces of the inner ends of the recesses or pockets between them which, with the facesof the vane's, effectively conforms to the direction of motion of `the fluid throughout its path, great efiiciency is obtained and a strong torque from theimpelled member.

By providing a governing device that is .compact and sma-ll in size, `and of high efiiciency much material can be saved and at the same time the-governing device will be strong enough to meet the requirements imposed. Further by reason' of the limited space it occupies, the governing device can be mounted in practically any position on thepower unit, a thing which isvoften not possible with governing devices of relatively great size and weight.

While the impeller l with its vanes 17 and the stator member ,18, with its vanes, are shown and described as particularly intended for a speed regulator, the device including these parts mayobviouslybe employed to serve any other purpose requiring a stator member against the vanes of which a working fluid is to be driven by the vanes of an impeller', to produce effects in accordance with the speed at which the impeller l is revolved.

In Figures 4 and 5, the same type of governing'device may be used but a different method of connecting the valve to this construction, the `casing 7 has an eXtension 39 extending vfrom one side between the 'flanges 31 and the outer end'of the eX- to be joined to any convenient part of the engine frame work 3. In one side, such as the lower side or bottom of this extension, there may be a recess or pocket to receive a baILbearing 32 which engages the lower end of the shaft 41. The opposite side of the extension 39 has an opening which may be closed by a screw cap 42; this screw cap being provided with a hub 443 bored out to provide a bearing for the other end of the shaft 41, To the shaft adjacent the bearing 32, I securea gear wheel 44 and adjacent the gear wheel 44 is the grooved wheel 36. This grooved wheel may have a hub which receives the hub of the gear 44 so that a single pin passing through both hubs and the shaft 41 is all that is needed to make the wheel 36, and gear 44 |and the shaft 4l rigid with one another. En-

the governing device" can be employed. In

.tension may have a flange 40 to enable ity circling the shaft 41 is a coiled spring 45 ycarried by the extension 39 to limit the movement of the valvef and the segment. A

similar projection may be mounted upon the segmental gear 46` at the opposite side t-o A engage another adjustable screw 48'when the valve is in closed position. By means of the two bolts 48, the limit of the move# ment of the valve in either direction can' be fixed and adjusted; and I also adjust the tension of the spring by aliXing the end opposite to that secured to the wheel 36 to a disk 49, having a hub at the center which lits over the hub 43. This disk may have a rim provided witlif teeth or threads to be4 engaged by an adjusting screw 50 carried by the extension 39. A similar disk 49 may be disposed in the extension 33 ofthe regulator shown in Figures 1 and 3, and be engaged by a similar screw 50. This disk 49 in Figure 3 engages the inner end of the recess provided by the extension 33 and encircles the shaft 6 without engaging it." One end of the spring 34 is fastened to the shaft and the other end to the disk.

The forms thus far described are intended to be used in cases where the casingl is to be located at some distance from the valve 5.

In Figures 6 and 7, I show the valve and governing-device made up as a compact speed regulator in theform of a` single unit. Here the casing 7 is provided with an extension 51 containing a driving gear 52 which is inade rigid with a shaft 2a extendingfrom a head or support 10. This gear 52 is driven by similar gear 53 on a shaft 54 in the extension 51. The shaft 34 may be connected'to some moving part. of the engine to be driven thereby. The shaft 2a is nengaged by a ball bearing 32 in the bottom of the extension 51; and head 10a, with whichit is made integral, is provided with I a central recess 15 to receive the hub of the 8 and screws 14 and 16 are omitted. OfY

course the head 10 is riveted or otherwise secured to the casing 1. Thel extension 51 may# be open on top'and provided with a cover 55 ln'the form of an inverted cup having an opening in its bottom to receive the cap 25; and this opening may be shaped to provide a shoulder 56 around its inner `end to receive a ball bearing to engage the lower portion`of the cap 25. A cover 25 may close ythe outer end of the opening' so as to screenl the grooved wheel 26 therein. From the wheel 26 the cord` 27 passes through a hollowr projection 57 to a grooved wheel 36 on the valve stem 6. 'This valve stem or shaft is mounted as before in ball bearings inthe sides of the casing 7 and one end projects from the casing far enough to carry the grooved wheel 36a. This wheel is of course rigid with the stem 6 and made drumlike to house the spring 34. The casing 7 is provided with an extension 33a similar to the extension 33 in` Figure 1; containing the wheel i36a; and this' extension is closed by a cover 42 having a central projection 43 which serves as a journal fora suitable -headlO in Figure 1.

disk 49a which has'teeth or threads on its rim, to be engaged by an adjusting screw 50. One end of the spring 34 is attached to the wheel 36a and the other to the disk 49a and when the vanes 17 cause the member 18 to turn the wheel 36a will be turned against the force of the spring 34 to move the valve towards closed position. l

Figure 8 discloses another form of governingdevice;` In this construction the casing 1u is secured to a head 10b which is'of practically the `same constructionas the The construction 1 may be machined or cast and it is provided with a central projection'pr boss 22u on its bottom which lits into the recess 15'of the head 10b; and the vbottom-of this casing also hasa flange 58 which engages a coned projection 59 on the adjacent face of the head 10b.. A screw 60 engages boththe casing and the head to hold the tivo together. Into the end of the impeller 1 remote from the head 10b are formed cup-shaped pockets or reccsses, the walls of which act to guide the fluid in its movements and to impe'l the sam/e into similar cup-shaped spaces in the impelled member'lSa, rotatably mounted inside the casing, to impel said member rotarily as has been described in previous types. The

of the casing-.1a remote from the head 10b is a closure 64,;yirhich carries a ball bearing 24 on its outer face, engaged by a cap 25a to hold the ball bearing on the `cover 64 in proper position j in the same manner as does the cap 25 above mentioned. On the Iouter end of the shaft 20CL beyond the cap 25 is a grooved wheel. 26. This type -.of 'governing device may be used in place of that shown in Figure 1 or it may even be made up in a construction similar to that shown in Figures 6 and 7. s

' 'Figures9 and 10` show unitary constructions in which the governing device and the valve are combined after the fashion of the.

speedregulator shown in Figures 6 and 7. Thecasing 7 has an extens1on`65 enclosing a space to receive the wheel 36, the adjusting disk 49, and the spring 34, the arrangement I of the parts being the same as described above in connection with Figures 6 and 7. Integral with the exrtension 65 is another extension 66 in which the governing device is ho'used. This extension comprises a hollow projection 67 into which extends a shaft 68 carrying a gear 69. This gear 69 may be connected to'any movable part of the engine and the gear 69 meshes with .a similar gear rigid with a hollow projection 7 0 forming a hub or shaft to rotate a casingl". This hub on the inside of a closure 7 5 for the open end ofthe extension 66. Inside the impeller 11 is an impelled member -76 which is provided with endless grooves on both faces; the bottom of the casing 11 andthe cap 64a being provided with opposing grooves, all of which are indicated by the numeral 61a.

These grooves mayreceive the cups provid- 'ing the vanes showninligures 11, 12, 13 and 14, or the vanes may be cast inthe grooves, and the .vanes will be inclined-` and lbe separated by recesses or pockets of the same shape as above mentioned. 'lhe member 76 is made fast to a shaft 77 which extends downward through a bore in the hub 7() and projects from the. lower end of this 'hub `and it has made fast thereon a pulley or grooved wheel 26a which it carries.

ing 1b and the vanes carried by the casing 1b and the cover 64a drive the liquid againstI the vanes carried by the member 76 to turn the valve 5 towards closed position. A duct 7 8 in the member 76 may unite the grooves in the opposit-ejfaces of same.- Of course it is not essential that the cup-shaped, vaney elements shown by Figures 11 to 14 inclusive shall each have two sides 28. lf each had only one side and-a bottom 30, the shape Iof this element being otherwise unchanged,

it would serve thessame purpose-when se'- curd to the impeller 1 and impelled mem-i' ber 18; because the open side of each element then vwould be closed by the side of the element next to it. f

that', in all forms of the invention shown and described, the vanes extend radially outward from-'the axis vof rotation, although these vanes doxnot always necessarily have tobe' absolutely straight. The sidesv ofthe vanes make the 'sides of the pockets or recessses between them ;l and, the general shape of the inner ends of these pocketsbeing concave, the ends of each two adjacent vanes vnear to the axis of rotation and the oppo-l .site' ends of each two adjacent vanes remote from the axis of rotation are bridged by opposite edges of "these pockets. All theedges of the mouth of eachpoolret, are therefore in the same plane. as the leading or advance edges ofthe vanes of the impeller or the trailing edges of the vanes of the impelled member, as the case may be. Hence these'poc'kets orI recesses are closed on all' sidespand-are lopen only .at their mouths, as

has already been stat-ed; and the working fluid, inpassing from the impeller to the im'- `pelled member, takes the spiral path indi- This device is. made to operate by means of a liquid-1n cascated in Figure 17, develops the maximum torque to turn the impelledmember, and enables a very powerful governor of small size to lie-constructed and operated.

ln all forms'herein described the surfaces of the impeller and impelled member across which the vanes extend are provided either directly by the endless grooves in the opposing faces of the impeller and impelled member, or by cthe backs 30 of the cup-shaped elements which in the aggregate give the same effect and whether disks or cup-shaped elements are to b eused will depend on choice orV circumstances. Of course the impelled member does notl rotate continuously but merely turns throughl a sufficient angle to move .the valve towards and to closed position. Further, the straight'edges of the vanes need not'always 'be in exact radial position provided they run in a general direction outward fromy the axis of rotation and the phrase radially extending is to be understood accordingly.

Having described myinvention, what ll believe `to be new anddesire to secure and protect by LettersI Patent of the yUnited States, is A 1. A speed-responsive device having an impcller and ,a member to co-operate therewith and cup shaped elements carried by said impeller land said member, said elements each having one or more sides and a closed back, with'an o` en mouth, the elements providing vanes or the impeller and,

said member, j

' 2. A speed-responsive device mcludlng an gimpeller and a member to` be operated by I the impeller through the medium of a workingfluid, and vanes carried by said impeller, the impeller having -a surface across which said vanes extend at intervals apart to af- In the foregoing description it is clear..

ford pockets between said vanes, saidpockets being concave at their inner ends, and beingv closed at all sides and at their inner ends and" presenting open mouths Yto said-k member, -the interiorv faces of saidl pockets effectively `conforming to .a substantially splral d1rectionN of motion of said fluid.

3. A Speed-responsive device including A y which said vanes extend at intervals apart to afford pockets between saidvanes, said pockets benig concave at their inner ends and being effectively closed at all sidesl and at. their inner ends and presenting open mouths to said impeller, the interior sur faces of said pockets effectively conforming to a substantially spiral direction of j motion of said fluid.

t4. A governing device comprising a casing, a head secured to said casing, s'aidhead'v notches inthe end of'said boss, and a shaftsecured to the'head and having a transverse pin to be inserted into the said boss so that the ends of said pin engage said notches.

5. A governing devicecomprismg a casing, a disk havingan opening secured to the lower end of said casing, said disk having a conical rim, a head having a'coned edge to A be engaged by said rim, said head having i receive said boss, said head having a shaft a rotary member in said casing having vanes j integral therewith, a gear on said shaft, vanes connected to the 1ns1de of said casing,

thereon, a shaft for said member projecting from said casing, and a connection between saidshaft and said valve, whereby the roy tation of the gear will revolve the vcasing and cause said member at a predetermined speed of said unit to move said valve towards.

closed position.

i. A speed regulator comprising a valve,

" a spring tending to hold said valve in open position, a governing device comprising a casing, a head having a projection with a central recess therein to be fitted to the bot tom-of saidcasing, the bottom of said cas ing having a rim to engage said projection and a central boss to enter said recess,.vanes secured to the inside of the bottom of said casing, a member carrying vanes oppose-l to the first mentioned vanes, a shaft carry ing said member and projecting to the outside of said casing and a connection between said second shaft andsaid valve.

8. A speed-responsive device including an impeller and a member to be rotatably driven by thefimpeller throu-gh the medium of a working fluid, said impeller having vanes inclined l,to the plane of rotation, said vanes and said impeller being so shaped and the vanes being so disposed upon said. impeller as to provide.poclrets between said vanes, said pockets having open mouths p resented to said member and being effectively closed. at all otheqpoints. K

9. A speed-responsive device including an impeller and a y@member to` be rotatably driven thereby through' the mediuml ofa working fluid, said'member-having vanes inclined to the plane? of rotation, Said mem; ber and said vanes beinglso shaped and vanes being so disposed on said member as pass to provide. recesses between said vanes, said recesses having open mouths presented to said impeller and being effectively closed at allot'her points. y

A y10. A speed-responsive device including a rotary impeller and a rotatable memberopposed to the impeller1 to be operated by the impeller through the medium of a working fluid, and vanes carried by said impeller, the impeller having a surface across `which said vanes extend at intervals apart so as to afford pockets between said vanes, said pockf ets having their inner ends concave, the ends of each to adjacent vanes close to the axis of rotation and the ends of thesaid vanes remote from said axis being bridged'by opposite edges of said pockets, whereby said pockets are closed at allsides and at their inner ends, but present open mouths to said member, the interior faces of said pockets `effectively conforming -to a substantially spiral direction of rotation of said fluid.

11. A speed-responsive device including a rotary impeller and a rotary member opposed to the impeller to be operated thereby through the mediumA of a working fluid, and vanes carried by said member, the member having a surface across which said vanes extend at intervals apart so as to afford pockets between said vanes, said pockets havlng concave inner ends, the ends of each two adjacent vanes close to the axis of rotation and the opposite ends of each `two adjacent vanes remote from the axis of rotation being bridged by opposite edges of said pock- -closed on all sides and at their inner ends,

but present open mouths to said impeller, the interior surface of 'said pockets effectively conforming to a substantially spiral direction of rotation of said fluid.

12. A speed-responsive device including a rotary impeller anda rotatable member opposed 44to the impeller to be driven there by through the medium of a working fluid, said impeller having vanes inclined to the plane of rotation, said impellerhaving a surface across which the vanes extend at intervals apart so as to provide pockets between said vanes, said pockets havingv concave inner ends, and the endsof each two adjacent vanes'close to the axis of, rotation and the opposite ends of`eachvtwo adjacent vanes remote from. said axis bei/ng bridged by op-y posite edges of said pockets, said pockets thus having open .mouths presented to said member and being effectivelyv closed at all member having vanes inclined to the planeA of .rotation, said member having a surface aerosswhichlsaid vanes extend at intervals apart so as to provide recesses between said cesses thus having' open mouths presented to vanes, the inner ends ofvsald recesses being said lmpeller and effectively closed at all concave, and the ends of each two adjacent other pomts. ."1

Yanes near the axis of rotation and the op- In yWitness whereof, I have signed my l 5 posite ends of each two adjacent vanes rename to this specification this 28th day of mote from the axis of rotation being bridged February, 1921. by opposite edges of said recesses, said re- VARNER T. TABB 

